SCIENCE  |  SUPPLEMENTS

NMN

Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) is a precursor to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), an essential coenzyme for cellular metabolism, DNA repair, and gene regulation. NMN supplementation may increase NAD+ levels, potentially supporting longevity by boosting mitochondrial function, activating sirtuins (proteins linked to longevity), and improving cardiovascular and metabolic health.

PUBLICATIONS

  1. The acute effect of different NAD(+) precursors included in the combined metabolic activators.
          • Free Radic Biol Med. 2023 Aug 20;205:77-89.
          • Design: One-day double-blinded, placebo-controlled human clinical study assessing safety and effects of six different CMAs with 1 g of various NAD+ precursors.
          • Summary: CMAs with Nam, NMN, and NR boosted NAD+ levels effectively, with NA causing flushing and potential risks. CMAs with Nam, NMN, and NR are recommended for boosting NAD+ levels to improve metabolic conditions.
  2. Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Augmentation in Overweight or Obese Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Physiologic Study.
          • J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2023 Jul 14;108(8):1968-1980.
          • Design: Study on overweight or obese adults ≥ 45 years, evaluating the effects of MIB-626 (β-nicotinamide mononucleotide) 1000 mg twice daily for 28 days.
          • Summary: MIB-626 increased circulating NAD levels, reduced body weight, diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and non-HDL cholesterol, providing a basis for larger trials on NAD augmentation for cardiometabolic outcomes in older adults.
  3. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide metabolism and arterial stiffness after long-term nicotinamide mononucleotide supplementation: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
          • Sci Rep. 2023 Feb 16;13(1):2786.
          • Design: 12-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial on the effects of NMN supplementation (250 mg/day) on NAD metabolism and arterial stiffness.
          • Summary: NMN supplementation significantly increased serum nicotinamide levels and showed potential in alleviating arterial stiffness without adverse events.
  4. The efficacy and safety of β-nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) supplementation in healthy middle-aged adults: a randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, dose-dependent clinical trial.
          • Geroscience. 2023 Feb;45(1):29-43.
          • Design: 60-day randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial on NMN supplementation (300 mg, 600 mg, 900 mg daily) in middle-aged healthy adults.
          • Summary: NMN supplementation increased blood NAD levels and physical performance, with 600 mg daily showing the highest efficacy. No safety issues were found, and NMN was well tolerated.
  5. MIB-626, an Oral Formulation of a Microcrystalline Unique Polymorph of β-Nicotinamide Mononucleotide, Increases Circulating Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide and its Metabolome in Middle-Aged and Older Adults.
          • J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2023 Jan 26;78(1):90-96.
          • Design: Double-blind, placebo-controlled study on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of MIB-626 (1000 mg once or twice daily) in overweight or obese adults aged 55-80 years.
          • Summary: MIB-626 increased blood NAD levels significantly and was well tolerated. These findings provide foundational data for future efficacy trials in disease conditions.
  6. Effects of nicotinamide mononucleotide on older patients with diabetes and impaired physical performance: A prospective, placebo-controlled, double-blind study.
          • Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2023 Jan;23(1):38-43.
          • Design: 24-week placebo-controlled, double-blind study on the effects of NMN supplementation (250 mg/day) in older patients with diabetes and impaired physical performance.
          • Summary: NMN was safe but did not significantly improve grip strength and walking speed. However, it showed potential benefits in reducing frailty and central retinal thickness.
  7. Effect of 12-Week Intake of Nicotinamide Mononucleotide on Sleep Quality, Fatigue, and Physical Performance in Older Japanese Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study.
          • Nutrients. 2022 Feb 11;14(4):755.
          • Design: 12-week randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled study on the effects of NMN (250 mg/day) on sleep quality, fatigue, and physical performance in older Japanese adults.
          • Summary: NMN intake in the afternoon improved lower limb function and reduced drowsiness, suggesting potential benefits in preventing loss of physical performance and improving fatigue in older adults.
  8. Nicotinamide mononucleotide supplementation enhances aerobic capacity in amateur runners: a randomized, double-blind study.
          • J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2021 Jul 8;18(1):54.
          • Design: Six-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial on the effects of NMN supplementation (300 mg, 600 mg, 1200 mg/day) on cardiovascular fitness in amateur runners.
          • Summary: NMN supplementation increased oxygen uptake and aerobic capacity, likely due to enhanced O2 utilization of skeletal muscle.
  9. Nicotinamide mononucleotide increases muscle insulin sensitivity in prediabetic women.
          • Science. 2021 Jun 11;372(6547):1224-1229.
          • Design: 10-week randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial on the effects of NMN supplementation (250 mg/day) on metabolic function in postmenopausal women with prediabetes.
          • Summary: NMN increased muscle insulin sensitivity, insulin signaling, and muscle remodeling in prediabetic women, demonstrating potential benefits for metabolic function.
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